The Effects of Increased Atmospheric CO2 - 1655 Words

Deforestation and the burning of fossil fuels have led to a great increase in anthropogenic carbon dioxide released into the atmosphere. Since the Industrial Revolution, the concentration of atmospheric CO2 has increased from about 280 parts per million to above 390 parts per million; and recently has been calculated to be rising 1.5-2 parts per million per year (Kudela, 2013). This sharp increase in atmospheric CO2 has had an impact on the ocean, and can be seen by the increase in the levels of gaseous CO2 in the seawater. When the CO2 rich atmosphere comes in contact with the surface of the ocean, CO2 is readily absorbed which causes the pH of seawater to become more acidic. Many enzymes and processes that occur in the ocean, like†¦show more content†¦Coralline algae use HCO3- to intracellularly precipitate CaCO3 which forms their outer crust. Coccolithophores use HCO3- to form their coccolith (Roleda et al., 2012). Aragonite and calcite are the two most abundant forms of CaCO3. Both respond to changes in pH, with aragonite being the most sensitive. As pH decreases in the oceans the concentration of carbonate ions needed for saturation increase. When this carbonate becomes undersaturated, anything calcareous becomes vulnerable to dissolution (Nienhuis et al., 2010). This, combined with rising sea temperatures, poses a major threat of dissolution to reef-building communities that are dependent on aragonite. Buddemeier et al. projected a 95% loss in coral reefs in the eastern Caribbean, by 2035, in response to this acidification (Couce et al., 2013). To try to understand the effects of ocean acidification and an increase in temperature, a study was conducted on the calcifying mussel, Mytilus chilensis. Duarte et al. attempted to mimic the potential changes associated with increased temperature and concentrations of CO2. M. chilensis was subjected to different temperature, 12 and 16 °C, and CO2 regimes, 390, 700, and 1000 parts per million. Juvenile survival, total calcification rate, and growth rate were measured. Duarte et al. concluded that temperature did not have a significant effect on the total weight or the net rate of calcium deposition (as shell building). However, CO2Show MoreRelatedIndirect Scientific Measurements Of Atmospheric Composition Over The Last 10000 Years Have Informed The Climate Change Debate1580 Words   |  7 Pagesâ€Å"Discuss how both direct and indirect scientific measurements of atmospheric composition over the last 10,000 years have informed the climate change debate†. There are both direct and indirect ways of measuring atmospheric composition. Direct scientific measures are used to gain quantitative data which primarily use scientific tools and equipment to measure the actual climatic changes, be it a change in greenhouse gas concentrations or an increase in climatic temperature. Indirect scientific measurementsRead MoreThe Debate Over Global Warming1063 Words   |  5 PagesThe climate change debate has been ongoing for nearly thirty years now, the debate is over the causation(s) of global warming. Temperatures on earth have increased approximately 2.0 °F since the early 20th century. Levels of greenhouse gases such as carbon dioxide and methane have drastically increased within the atmosphere. Both sides within the debate surrounding global climate change can agree on these points. However; disagree on a number of other possible causations of global warming. Even thoughRead MorePollution Of Fossil Fuels And Deforestation Essay1484 Words    |  6 Pagesgreenhouse gasses and that is a natural process called the Greenhouse Effect (MFE Australia, 2013). What are Greenhouse gasses? Greenhouse gasses are emissions that traps heat in the atmosphere (EPA, 2012). Main greenhouse gasses consists of Carbon dioxide (CO2), Methane (CH4), Nitrous Oxide (NO2) and Fluorinated gasses (EPA, 2012). The burning of fossil fuels and deforestation by incineration are common sources of atmospheric CO2 emissions, since growing forests are being incinerated it rules outRead MoreThe Effect Of Ocean Acidification On The Rates Of Calcium Produced By Marine Organisms1450 Words   |  6 Pagesthe rapid increase in atmospheric CO2 continues to be produced by, the burning of fossil fuels, deforestation, industrialization, cement production, and other land-use changes. The ocean absorbs much of this excess CO2 through air-sea gas exchange, resulting in changes in seawater chemistry. Due to human-made emissions, the CO2 content of the oceans has dram atically increased and is gradually acidifying the surface waters. As a result of human-made emissions, the amount of CO2 in the atmosphere andRead MoreGlobal Temperature And Climate Change1380 Words   |  6 PagesGlobal Temperature The Earth-atmosphere energy cycle is a structure of coordinating atmospheric components. The Kà ¶ppen classification system is a simple format for generalizing climate patterns, partitioning the planet into malleable regions by average environmental conditions. Terms to describe the atypical fluctuations in the Earth’s climate include both global warming and climate change. While global warming denotes an average escalation of temperature, climate change suggests a shift in theRead More Fossil Fuel Consumption, Co2 And Its Impact On Global Climate1580 Words   |  7 Pages Fossil Fuel Consumption, CO2 and Its Impact on Global Climate Background: At the beginning of human history, we had to satisfy our energy needs (for food, heat and movement) by using our own muscle power and gathering or hunting naturally available plants, animals and wood. Each stage in the evolution of human society (the development of farming, domestication of animals, harnessing of wind and water power) increased the average per capita energy use, but it was the Industrial Revolution and theRead MoreThe Global Warming That Took Place At Permian Triassic Boundary1038 Words   |  5 Pagestraps lead to increased amount of carbon dioxide. The eruptions of basalt lava were accompanied by large volume of CO2 (Self, Schmidt, Mather, 2014). Accumulation of CO2 has long lasting effects on global warming due to its long lifetime. Study conducted by Archer (2005) showed that 400 km3 of flood basalt would release 2 gigatonnes (Gt, 1 Gt = 1012 kg) of carbon. Overall, Siberian traps allowed up to 11 000 Gt of carbon to be released (assuming lava volume of 2.5 million km3). The CO2 degassed duringRead MoreA Climate Mitigation Strategy1567 Words   |  6 Pagesof carbon dioxide (CO2) between the surface ocean and atmosphere. Carbon dioxide moves from high to low pressure. When the partial pressure of CO2 is higher in the atmosphere than in the surface ocean CO2 is dissolved into the ocean surface where it reacts with the other pumps. Carb onate and bicarbonate ions are formed, this again lowers the partial pressure allowing for greater amounts of CO2 to dissolve into the surface ocean. However, due to the increased concentration of CO2 in the atmosphereRead MoreIncreasing Levels Of Carbon Dioxide1491 Words   |  6 PagesIncreasing levels of carbon dioxide (CO2) have created problematic oceanic conditions that are detrimental towards the livelihood of coral reefs and other marine biota. The high levels of CO2 lead to a decline of ocean pH among other issues such as dramatic changes in oceanic make-up and chemistry. Statistics and data collected has shown that ocean acidification will not only increase but accelerate over the next century. The ocean takes in about 1/3 of anthropogenic carbon added to the atmosphereRead MoreThe Annual Changes Of Temperature On A Planet1021 Words   |  5 Pagesapproximately 142 Martian days. These extreme seasons of Mars can have some very interesting effects on the planet. Research has shown that global atmospheric pressure is 25% lower during the local wintertime than during summer. This happens for two reasons: first, the eccentricity of Mars s orbit and secondly, there is a pattern-like exchange of carbon dioxide between the north and south polar caps and the mostly CO2 atmosphere. When the north pole is tilted away from the sun around the winter solstice

Argumentative Essay On Abortion - 979 Words

Abortion is one of the most well-known and debated topics in today’s society. Although so many people seem to have such a strong opinion on abortion, there are many teens today who don’t really understand what abortion actually is. With today’s technology, though, our understanding of it is also growing. According to Merriam Webster, abortion means the termination of a pregnancy after, accompanied by, resulting in, or closely followed by the death of the embryo or fetus. (https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/abortion) But it is more than that implies. It is the murder of a human life made in the image of God and unfortunately, it is being accepted and even encouraged among the teens today under the guise of women’s rights. Abortion†¦show more content†¦Lately, the pro-choice and the pro-life debate has increased in America after it was made legal and the churches have had to take a clear stance for or against abortion. And the majority of ch urches support the right to life, recognizing the stance that the Bible takes on it as well. However, there are also churches that support the woman’s right to choose above the baby’s right to live. But their stance is not based on the truths of the Bible, but the desire to follow with today’s society. Although they also use the Bible, the passages are used out of context and twisted to support their opinions. In my church, there have been many efforts to support the pro-life cause. In 1980, two women in my church, Joanne Rohrer and Debbi Sayer, started the Miami Valley Women’s Center, which was made to help support pregnant teens and women who were pregnant and in need of help. There they encourage them to keep their baby, and they help them and go alongside them as they go through their pregnancy and after, all the while showing the love of God. Our church also has held prayer vigils in front of abortion clinics on several occasions and held diaper driv es for the Women’s center as well. (http://www.abortionfacts.com/literature/the-christian-view-of-abortion) (http://www.epm.org/resources/2010/Feb/26/abortion-bible-and-church-history/) Today, around 57 percent of adults in the U.S. think that abortion is a right that should be protected and made easy,Show MoreRelatedAbortion Argumentative Essay : Abortion934 Words   |  4 PagesJensen English April 29, 2014 Abortion Argumentative Essay On average about 41.6 million unborn children are aborted every year. Abortion is killing an unborn baby and it should be illegal. Abortion is wrong because it supports irresponsibility by parents. It gives the unborn children no choice or opportunity at life. In addition, instead of abortion, parents could put up the child for adoption, benefiting people that cannot have children of their own. Abortion supports irresponsibility byRead MoreArgumentative Essay: Abortion1075 Words   |  5 PagesIn my argumentative Essay, I am arguing that abortion is wrong and not to be mistaken with Abortion should be made illegal. I will explain later why I have made this statement. Abortion is the termination of an unborn child in its mothers womb for up to twenty four weeks of the pregnancy or in special circumstances e.g. Disability diagnosis a termination right up until the mother goes in to labour. I think the above definition is an easier and less harsh way of saying that abortionRead MoreAbortion - Argumentative Essay1093 Words   |  5 PagesARGUMENTATIVE ESSAY ‘ABORTION Our world today is full of unsolved, devisive and controversial issues. Most of them relate to our morals, ethics and religion, thus creating a very strong ‘yes and ‘no, or ‘good and ‘bad side. Like the Chinese Yin and Yang sign, abortion has a very prominent ‘black and ‘white side but also contains traces of each in the alternating colour. This shows that if you were to come to any kind of conclusion on abortion, there would still be a downside toRead MoreArgumentative Essay On Abortion1304 Words   |  6 PagesIn this argumentative essay I would like you, the reader to consider a public issue from my perspective and my belief system on the matter. I’ll be supporting my view on a common and overlooked procedure conducted by women and medical doctors within a walk in clinic and home. This procedure is known as an Abortion, also known as a voluntary abortion. The definition provided by Dictionary.com is  Ã¢â‚¬Å"the removal of an embryo or fetus from the uterus in order to end a pregnancy.† There have been manyRead MoreArgumentative Essay On Abortion1380 Words   |  6 PagesAbortion the deliberate termination of a human pregnancy, most often performed during the first 28 weeks of pregnancy. Abortion is one of the most common medical procedures preformed in the United States each year. More than 40% of all women will end a pregnancy by abortion at some time in their reproductive lives. Abortion, it is simply the one of the most debated issue in our society today. â€Å"Is abortion bad?† â€Å"Is the fetus a baby?† â€Å"Why is it bad to kill a fetus if it’s not living?† The simpleRead MoreArgumentative Essay On Abortion1546 Words   |  7 Pagesmother.† Abortion is the way of ending pregnancy by removing the fetus or embryo before it can survive outside the matrix, which can also allow women to choose whether they want to become a mother or not. However, people have developed the controversy about abortions. Abortion debate is an ongo ing debate which has involved moral, legal, biological and religious status of the induced abortion. In this controversy, there are two groups emerged. The group of people who hold the opinion that abortion shouldRead MoreArgumentative Essay On Abortion1364 Words   |  6 PagesAbortion is known as the termination of human pregnancy. There are mixed opinions from the public on whether abortion is considered murder or not. This topic has always been controversial and there is no sign of it being left alone. There are two groups of people related to abortion. Those are pro-life and pro-choice, pro-life oppose abortion and pro-choice is for abortion. There have been many court cases on the topic of abortion, such as Roe v. Wade, Doe v. Bolton, Baird v. Bellotti, and HarrisRead MoreArgumentative Essay On Abortion1011 Words   |  5 Pages Abortion is the termination of a human pregnancy. â€Å"More than 60% of the world’s population lives in countries where induced abortion is permitted either for a wide range of reasons or without restriction as to the reason. In contrast, 26% of all people reside in countries where abortion is generally prohibited.† as stated by The World’s Abortion Laws Map. Abortion is appalling and should be outlawed. Not only is it the excretion of a fetus, what a baby has developed from, from the uterus by naturalRead MoreArgumentative Essay On Abortion789 Words   |  4 Pages Abortion and Women’s Health Is abortion murder? Abortion is the medical or surgical procedure that ends a pregnancy. It has been a controversial issue ever since it has existed. In Roe v. Wade (1973), the US Supreme Court ruled that the Constitution protects a woman’s right to an abortion through the end of the first trimester or the twelfth week of pregnancy. Psychological and physical as well as negative effects on the society because of abortions. The abortion rights have broughtRead MoreArgumentative Essay On Abortion993 Words   |  4 Pagesverbalized, â€Å"All I am asking for is the law that’s been on the books for the last 33 years, no public funding for abortion. We are both saying identically tantamount, pro-life, pro-cull. Let’s find the language that works for both of us so we can pass health care.† According to dictionary.com abortion is, â€Å"the termination of gravidity, by the abstraction of a fetus from the uterus.† Abortion can be traced back to arc haic times. Back in the days, historically pregnancies were terminated through several

Music and Society Essay Example For Students

Music and Society Essay Throughout the years, music has had the power to influence the behavior of individuals and societies. Music has been thought of as a very powerful medium within social groups because it can facilitate communication beyond strictly words. Music has multiple meanings which can promote the development of individual, cultural and national identities. Today, music has been criticized for corrupting youth. For example, Rap music has been blamed for crimes and murders that take place within cities throughout America. Rap music however serves a more meaningful purpose within societal development and culture. The defiant images of Rap music and Hip-Hop serve as an inspirational outlet of social change through the ideology of the Frankfurt Schools Marxist critical theory. The Frankfurt school was established in the early 19th century as school of Marxist interdisciplinary social theory. Following Marx, they were concerned by the conditions that allowed for social change. They were concerned with the shift from agrarian economy to industrialization labor in the 19th century. They were also concerned with wealth, class, and most importantly the oppression of workers by the rich class. They were troubled by the thought that one percent of people owned forty percent of the nations wealth, and ninety percent of the people only owned twenty-five percent of the nations wealth. These statistics completely contradicted the ideology of the American Dream, which indicates that anyone can succeed and make it in America if they work hard. We are indoctrinated with this concept that people are wealthy cause they have earned their wealth, and others are poor because they deserve to be poor. We are brainwashed to believe this ideology because the wealthy are the ruling class which set these ideas for the rest to believe and trust in. The one percent wants us to believe in the American Dream because it instills a false hope into our minds and keeps the ninety percent from initiating a revolution. The Frankfurt Schools goal was to develop a revolutionary consciousness which would serve the interest of the ninety percent. The Frankfurt School, however, believed that evolution was hindered by the presence of pop culture and media. Pop culture was said to be homogeneous and predictable and made for the lowest common denominator. Mass media and pop culture served as an opiate to the masses, which purpose was to distract the working class from their miserable lives of hard work. Pop music was thought of as a brainwashing device which also distracts the working class with mindless entertainment. The Frankfurt school believed that Pop music is distracting us from thinking about economic inequalities, power, wealth and class which would ignite a revolution. Hip Hop and Rap music, however, completely contradict the Frankfurt Schools theory of mass media and Pop culture. Instead of happy-go-lucky themed music, Hip Hop was developed as a streetwise subculture which believed in power from below. Rappers from the streets would talk about their stories growing up in the streets and all of the illegal activities that they would partake in. They also rapped about the defiance of power and laws, as well as critique the Justice system. They spoke about the injustices of racism, politics, power, overtly, and wealth. It was known as conscious hip hop because it was about social Music and Society By apologias opportunities. Rap music is about revolting and overcoming inequalities. Rap music tells stories of the injustices that occur on the streets, and reveal that not everyone has equal opportunities to obtain the American Dream. A great example of a conscious Hip Hop artist is Tubas Shaker. Tubas was a very inspirational artist that depicted racism and the life that he lived in the ghetto through his music. .u9fc5201c683efd99ab93aa68367cac96 , .u9fc5201c683efd99ab93aa68367cac96 .postImageUrl , .u9fc5201c683efd99ab93aa68367cac96 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u9fc5201c683efd99ab93aa68367cac96 , .u9fc5201c683efd99ab93aa68367cac96:hover , .u9fc5201c683efd99ab93aa68367cac96:visited , .u9fc5201c683efd99ab93aa68367cac96:active { border:0!important; } .u9fc5201c683efd99ab93aa68367cac96 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u9fc5201c683efd99ab93aa68367cac96 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u9fc5201c683efd99ab93aa68367cac96:active , .u9fc5201c683efd99ab93aa68367cac96:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u9fc5201c683efd99ab93aa68367cac96 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u9fc5201c683efd99ab93aa68367cac96 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u9fc5201c683efd99ab93aa68367cac96 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u9fc5201c683efd99ab93aa68367cac96 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u9fc5201c683efd99ab93aa68367cac96:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u9fc5201c683efd99ab93aa68367cac96 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u9fc5201c683efd99ab93aa68367cac96 .u9fc5201c683efd99ab93aa68367cac96-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u9fc5201c683efd99ab93aa68367cac96:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Quadrat Summary EssayOne of his cost inspirational songs is Changes in which he explains the daily life in the ghetto and tries to make people change for the better. Tubas begins his song with the verse, l see no changes, I wake up in the morning and I ask myself, Is life worth living or should I blast myself, Im tired of being poor, and even worse Im black. He also explains racism well with his stanza Cops give a damn about a negro, Pull the trigger, kill a Amiga, hes a hero, give the crack to the kids who the hell cares, one less hungry mouth on the welfare. Another stanza which demonstrates racism toward African Americans is, l see no changes, all I see is racist faces, misplaced hate makes disgrace to races. Tubas also raps about how the penitentiaries are filled with blacks. He also explains how illegal activities are necessary in order for poor people to survive. He says l mint never did a crime, I mint have to do. Tubas Changes is very moving. Instead of mindless music which distracts individuals from their lives of poverty and from rebelling, this song presents the graphic imagery of life of poor people and their struggles to survive. The entire purpose of this song is to make a change and rebel against current social and economic structures, and move toward equality. Tubas explains the daily struggles of poverty and violence that people in the ghetto go through, and how it has become normal to them. He explains this with the chorus, thats Just the way it is, things will never be the same. It explains how the poor do not deserve to be poor, and try to overcome poverty, however their skin color and the place where the live prevents them from achieving wealth. Through this song, Tubas is encouraging those to think about revolution, and to think about social change and equality and attain it. His goal is to reveal the injustices and tragic events that are occurring in order to change them. Toward the end of the song, Tubas lists a set of changes people should make in order to survive and make in difference in their lives. This song shows that the Ideology of the American Dream is indeed a false consciousness, and a rebellion is necessary in order to bring equality and Justice.